Wednesday, April 13, 2016

Smart India

Smart India

To reach out to the people living in villages by the government to resolve their problems through public meetings in the presence of the administration is not new for the bureaucrats of any generation. It may be called Lok Darbar, Lok Samvad, Lok mela, etc, but it's a  strong mean of public audit of administration in the presence of a Minister or the CM.

Sadak (road), Pani (water) and Bijali (electricity) are the common problems. These are the basic needs for the comforts and quality of human life. One who attends these basics, retain the power for longer duration. Even today, these questions lead the list.

Revenue records and their entries are permanent issues of public audit. But computerisation of revenue records and eServices have made the ease of getting the copies of revenue records easily. However, heirship entries and survey settlements issues can't satisfy them all. 

Regularity and attendance of government employees was the question people used to ask always. But British India of No.11 (movement by two legs) has moved from the legs to bicycles and now it is running on two wheelers and four wheelers. The movement of employees have been improved by the vehicle ride on roads. Therefore, complaints of staff not staying in the HQ are reducing. 

Hospitals, CHCs, PHCs network has been increased over the years but the problem of shortage of doctors hasn't been solved fully. With the increase in population, the network of public health is also increasing. Block Medical Officer and Ayurvedic doctors have improved the management comforts of the administration but shortage of MBBS and Specialists is remained a challenge. Governments spend budget in making of doctors but the freshers prefer career development in cities and abroad to serving people in villages.

Villagers in past were illiterate and were mostly dependent on agriculture. They had limited interactions with the village employee visiting them once in a fortnight or a month. They were afraid of the raising voice against the employee whom they face at the village. 

But now, the new generation youths are very vocal and active. Electricity, mobile, motorbike and RTI have made them smarter. People do have complains against the administration but they also create unease to the administration through RTI. New generation youths are politically active and smart in presentation, know the path of administration well. They carry micro information of their problems and can make the officers defensive in public meetings. Mike is liked by all. 

Do you know, what questions the villagers ask these days?

1. The wifi - internet speed is low. Please improve the connectivity.

2. Give specialists to the hospital.

3. Separate the HT LT electricity lines and maintain proper distance between the two lines. Change the old wiring of many joints. Replace the TC in 72 hours. Reduce number of cross junctions of the feeders to avoid interruptions in electricity supply of other non fault feeders. Pay compensation of crop loss if burnt by the electricity lines passing through the farms.

4. Give tap water to all households.

5. Convert all single patti roads into double patti, etc.

Development hunger has changed their priorities. Whatever the government do, their demand list move one step forward. No government can overlook the development agenda. The pull of people has excelled the speed of the administration.

Do you remember the proverb describing the administration of old days:
कलेकटर करे ककडाट, मामलतदार मूँझाय; 
सर्कल बिचारो शुँ करे, तलाटी करे ते थाय।

Now people have an edge over the administration. Electricity, TV, Computer, Mobile and mike have made the people active and the administration responsive.

Punamchand
13 April 2016

Tuesday, April 12, 2016

Jugaad of God

Jugaad of God

Jugaad is a popular colloquial term in North India. People assemble different parts of different objects, make innovative fix and create a new object to serve their utility needs. Jugaad, the creativity, out of box thinking may play a big role in start ups or stand ups where the resources are limited.

I saw a jugaad of God in Junagadh Zoo. An animal that look like a big squirrel, has a tail like a cat and face like a monkey. It has four legs with claw, not the nails. It doesn't get wisdom teeth. 

Can you recognize? 

You can't unless you have seen it.

It is the "marmoset", one of the species of monkeys, the smallest monkey (140 gm, 15 cms) on the earth. The Almighty don't have resources crunch, however looking at the creature mix, I am tempted to call the marmoset, the jugaad of the God. It is not jugaad, but one of the most creative creatures of God.

They are native of South America and identified as 22 new world monkey species of a biological family Callitrichidae.

Come and see it in captivity in one of the best zoos of the world, the 153 years old Sakkarbaug Zoological Garden at Junagadh, Gujarat. There are other animals too: lions, white tiger, cheetah, giant squirrel, deers, birds, reptiles, fishes, etc. The 200 hectares garden will give you a feel moving in natural forest. 

Feel Khushboo Gujarat ki.

Punamchand
12 April 2016

Monday, April 11, 2016

King Cobra, the King

King Cobra, the King

Lion is the King of the Jungle. But there are other kings too; king peacock, king wild boar, king deer, king vulture, etc. Each king is special, who commands and carry special rights of mating and eating. King Vulture has a right put the first cut to open the dead body. They rule their pride and the territory. Each species has a leader, the King, that commands and dominates over the pride for some months or few years, till another mighty defeats him. Might is the right, the rule of the jungle. 

In reptiles, King Cobra is the King of the snakes. It is the longest venomous snake with a length up to 14-18 feet. It can rise up to 7 feet and lift the hood. It is the most poisonous snake. Even a day old snakelet carry poison that can kill an adult human. 

Generally snakes eat rodents, frogs, lizards, etc. But King Cobra preys only live snakes. In Zoo, the administration faces the challenge of collecting and serving live snakes to this King everyday. The King survives at the cost of the lives of other snakes.

The venom (toxins) affects the central nervous system, starts with drowsiness, paralysis, cardiovascular problem, coma, failure of respiratory system and death. Therefore, in snake bite cases, the victim is kept in consciousness till the anti-venom treatment is started.

There are two types of snakes; neurotoxic and hemoerotic. Neurotoxins of Cobra are destructive to nerve tissues. Hemotoxins of Vipers destroy the RBCs, causes hemolysis, disrupt blood clotting, damage tissues, organ failure. The process by which a hemotoxin causes death is much slower than that of a neurotoxin. 

Gujarat has a hill station named Saputara (abode of serpents). The river is named Sarpganga. It has snakes of both the varieties, the cobras and the vipers. One has to move carefully in the remote areas during monsoon. The tribal worship snakes and the river. 

80-85 percent snakes are non venomous. But some times, after the bite, the fear of death put the heart in racing and bring death of the victim. Panic people die of fright and unnecessary treatment after being bitten by a non-poisonous snake. 

In villages in India, there are people who cure snake bite cases with mantras. As 80-85% snakes are non poisonous, therefore, they succeed. Many times the faith of the victims cure themselves. People respect Babas as God who save life of the snake bite victims. 

Have you seen Pipal leaf? It has long tip and it is used for snake bite treatment. How? Poke the tip of the leaf down the ears and keep it rotating till the person comes into full consciousness. This may be useful in neurotoxic bite as it is important to keep the victim in consciousness. 

Have you tried poking thread down the ears of someone during school days? Poking the Pipal leaf down the ears may save someone's life till the anti-venom treatment is started.

Don't forget, poking tip/finger down the ears of a friend. Don't try poking finger down the ears of the King Cobra! You can't, because, snakes don't have ears. They can't hear sound but feel the vibrations. So you may vibrate only. Lol.

Punamchand
11 April 2016

Sunday, April 10, 2016

Gender Equality in Birds

Gender Equality in Birds

Have you have seen the largest bird of the world? It has wings but can't fly but can run run at up to 70 km/h, the fastest speed of any bird. A species of ratite family lay the largest egg weighing 900 gm. Like lion, it's weigh upto 145 kg and can attack with it's powerful claw (legs kick) that can kill a person. Generally they hide flat against the ground or run away, when frightened.

I think you got it. The Ostrich, the bird of native Africa.

Like human, the females mature earlier than males. The cock uses the wings to attract the hen for mating.  The males are black and the females are browny black. Do you know why? The eggs are incubated by the females by day and by the males by night. This uses the colouration of the two sexes to escape detection of the nest, as the drab female blends in with the sand, while the black male is nearly undetectable in the night. In zoo, where the risk is minimal, they share the time of incubation equally, and don't follow the day-night schedule of incubation. When female incubates, the male go for water and food. And when he comes back the female is relieved for her food and water. But they follow the principle of equality in incubating and protecting the eggs. Like other species, they fiercely fight with the predators to defend the chicks and can kill a lion in such confrontations.

Humans use their feathers for decoration and leather for products. It is used for racing and riding. Omnivores human use them in cooking too.

If not visiting Africa, you can see them in a zoo. A beautiful bird following gender equality.

Punamchand
10 April 2016

Tuesday, April 5, 2016

Gujarati Khakhra

Gujarati Khakhra

Khaman Dhokla is a brand name of Gujarati. Low calorie, high taste. Those who are losing calcium from the skeleton, facing a problem of parathyroid secretion, deficient in Vit K2, can enjoy khaman dhokla as medicine. After Mr. NaMo became PM, the snacks served in the meetings of Delhi carry brand name Khaman Dhokla. However, the cover of Khaman Dhokla carry potato chips and panir pakoda inside.

Khakhra is another popular snacks of Gujarat. The way others enjoy morning tea with biscuits, Gujarati enjoy tea with Khakhra. All Gujarati carry Khakhra and mango achar in all domestic as well as international tours. You may read many brands: masi na khakhra, foi (bua) na khakhra, Maniben na khakhra, Sonalben na khakhra, etc. Khakhra and Papad together is a big business of Gujarat, that gives employment to hundreds of women in the city slums and rural areas. Now machines are replacing human hands due to the increasing demands of Khakhra.

Khakhra name comes from the leaves of Palas tree. Have you seen Palas leaves? Tendu/bidi patta? They are used in making bidis or biodegradable plates and bowels. The dry leaves are stiff and crunchy. Similarly the khakhra made from wheat flour are thin, stiff and crunchy. It carries many flavours: plain, masala, kothmir marcha, methi, jeera, etc. Now you get toppings of chat masala over it. Makers imagine the demands of human saliva and make new flavours. 

Generally, Khakhras are made from wheat flour. But have you heard about Khakhra of Bajara (pearl millet)? Our Kutchi madu, whether living in Gujarat or Mumbai or abroad, do eat Bajara Khakhra with tea or curd in the morning. For them, It's a taste of motherland.

Have you seen Bajara rotala? It has two layers, the thick layer (90%) and the thin layer(10%). The thin layer is hard and very tasty to bite. The women cut this thin layer from each rotala and make a packet of Bajara Khakhra. 

If thin layer is separated and packed than who will eat those thick stuff of hundreds of rotala? If the maker families can't consume, then where will it go? 90% is a big loss. My mind was wondering whenever I eat Bajara Khakhra.

Finally, I went to the village in Rapar taluka of Kutch district, where women are making bajara khakhra. And when I saw them making it, I was surprised with their indigenous technique. No machine in the world can do that. They make bajara rotala like traditional way, but when they put the rotala over the tava, they roast it on one side, then turn to the back and when the two layers get separated, slowly remove the thick layer with the help of knife and mix it with the flour to make the another rotala. The thin layer is the khakhra. One after another, a woman can make 250-300 khakhra in a day. They attend their daily household works too. Hats off to their passions and artistic skills of making Khakhra of Bajara.

Have you ever tasted it? Do try. It is very tasty to enjoy with curd/milk/tea/chatni.

By the way bajara khakhra and curd is a good breakfast for the hemoglobin deficient population. Bajara is iron and curd is a folic acid (that digest the iron). The lactobacillus of curd cures the amoebiasis. Instead of spending huge health budget, if we make the bajara and curd compulsory in breakfast of all families, many health problems of our human resource can be solved.

My mother used to say a proverb to describe poverty. "Khakhra ni Khiskoli Papad no swad shu jane?" A squirrel of Palas (living in poverty) won't understand the taste of Papad (richness). 

Khakhra is rich in flavours and nutritive. Do enjoy Gujarati khakhra!

Punamchand
5 April 2016

Monday, April 4, 2016

Opunt IAS

Opunt IAS

This is not about IAS ! 

It is Opuntias, the beautiful Cactus plant, the ficus indica. It's fruits are tasty. Children eat fruits available freely and had their nutritional supplements. Saurastra people enjoy it's juice in Summer. It's a food for the Tortoises. It has 14 varieties with some differences in spine, fruits, and flowers. With house and farm hedges of opuntias, so many different climbers birds butterflies get their biological niche. It's barbed spines can remain embedded in the skin, causing discomfort and sometimes injury. 

Jain Munis carry secret formulas of making Gold from silver, copper, brass or iron, fired with Arani wood and given cover (poot) 1-2-3-4 times with the help of Optuntias milk extracted on Ravipushya nakshatra.  But for that, you need Optunia (red) that that has one red fruit and two red flowers!

In cities when walls replaced hedges, the great biodiversity jeopardised. Hazira near Surat was once very rich, in fact whole of West coast was rich in having Opuntia groves. Lighthouse fence constructed by the britishers and the engineers wife (this is the legend) got a spine sting. Annoyed engineer, somehow managed to import some insect species (biological control through moth cactoblastis cactorum) that almost destroyed all Opuntias in the vicinity. 

Farmers in Saurastra and North Gujarat have replaced cactus green fence with the stoned or barbed wire fencing to restrict the movement of wild animals.

Australia imported Opuntias for gardens and agricultural fencing, but it's wide spread invasive weeds converting farming land into impenetrable jungle of prickly pear, made them "green hell". Australia federal government had to establish a board to eradicate the weed.

However, optuntias - cactus the green fence of bio rich diversity is better than the wire fencing of dead diversity. 

Punamchand
4 April 2016

NB: You may try making Gold from Silver/Copper/Iron. It is a legend that Harshadbhai Doshi of Vallabhipur had learnt some secret tricks from his Guru Jain Muni to make Gold from other mentals.

Sunday, April 3, 2016

Indian Summer, the season to enjoy fruits

Indian Summer, the season to enjoy fruits.

It's summer now, the season to enjoy colourful and varieties of fruits. Mango leads as the King/Queen with many popular varieties of Alphonsos, Kesar, Dasheri, Badami, Chaunsa, Langara, Kalami, Totapuri, Neelam, Rajapuri, Safeda, etc. Grafting has given us many varieties. It is said that Turks invaded India for mango fruits. India is a land of origin of magnifera indica, our beloved mangoes. Varieties of mangoes and rice what India has; perhaps none other can have.

Other than mango, people enjoy watermelon, honeydew melon, cantaloupe, litchi, cherry, plums, apricot, strawberry, other berries, chikoo, papaya, etc.

But I have missed listing the one, that will flood the market with its red and yellow colour soon. Any guess?

Dates, the desert fruit. The fruit, children used to spit out is now capturing market. The Israeli plant tissue (cell) culture made the fruit tastier and sweeter. It has four varieties: Medjoul, Noor, Barhi and Zhaidi. Medjoul is the king date and Noor is the Kohenoor. It has been cultivated in Kutch with Israeli cooperation. But they grew as couples. There are male date palm and female date palm. Both yield flowers. Male flower produce the pollen and female flowers become dates if they are pollinated.

As open pollination is very low, artificial pollination methods have been applied by the growers.
Farmers cut the mature male flowers and spray the pollen over the female flowers. Due to shortage of labourers, Israeli date growers machine spray the pollen, the success ratio may be 70-80%. Many old couple welcome the guests if they are ready to work in their farms in the morning hours. Our Kutchi date growers, use their no.11, move plant to plant and spray pollen with human hand and make sure that all females are pollinated.

You may be thinking that once we have captured the grafted mangoes alphonsos, kesar etc, or the tissue plants dates medjoul, noor, etc, we can multiply them with their seeds.

No. That won't happen.

The seed plants will go back to their origin and turn into "deshi", the deshi mango, deshi date. The artificial human touch can't sustain beyond the first generation.

Wonder the Nature!

Enjoy the summer fruits of the Mother Nature. Don't forget to taste Gujarati Kesar mango and the Kutchi dates, heavenly aroma and sweetness with human touch!

Punamchand
3 April 2016
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